Analyze the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the linguistic factors, based on the given words below.
（1）gold, bulb;
（2）deer, beast, animals;
（3）fortuitous, fruition.
(1)internal factors. Such change occurs when a phrase is shortened to one word which retains the meaning of the whole. e.g. pold is used for 'gold medal', and bulb for 'light hulb'.
(2) the influx, of borrowings: Such change occurs when the borrowings are introduced into English vocabulary. For instance. deer formerly meant animal. and later animal from Latin and beast from French found their way into English. As the three terms were synonymous. animal retained the original meaning. the meanung of deer was narrowed and heast changed in colour.
(3)analogy: Such change occurs when analogy is used. For instance, fortuitous formerly denoted happening by chance. accidental and later took on the meaning fortunate probably by analogy because the two words look similar. It is the saine with fruition, the original mcaning heing ' plcasure obtained from using or possessing something. which had nothing to do with fruit. Its meaning of 'the hearing of fruit' was due to the later association wiu the word fruit.
