共用题干 Less Is MoreIt sounds all wrong一drilling holes in a piece of wood to make it more resistant to knocks.But it works because the energy from the blow gets distributed throughout the wood rather than focusing on one weak spot.The discovery should lead to more effective and lighter packaging materials.Carpenters have known_________(1)centuries that some woods are tougher than others. Hickory (山核桃木),for example, was turned into axe handles and cartwheelspokes(轮辐)because it can absorb shocks without breaking.White oak,for example, is much more easily damaged,_________(2)it is almost as dense.Julian Vincent at Bathe University and his team were convinced the wood's internal structure could explain the differences.Many trees have tubular(管的)vessels that run_________(3) the trunk and carry water to the leaves.In oak they are large,and arranged in narrow bands,but in hickorythey are smaller, and more evenly distributed.The researchers_______(4)thislayout might distribute a blow's energy throughout the wood,soaking up a bigger hit.To test the idea , they drilled holes 0._________(0.) 65 millimetres across into a block of spruce(云杉),awood with_________(5)vessels,and found that________(6)with stood a harder knock.__________(7)when there were more than about 30 holes per square centimetre did the wood's performance drop off.A uniform substance doesn't cope well with knocks because only a small proportion of the material is actually_________(8).All the energy from the blow goes towards breaking the material in one or two places,but often the pieces left_________(9)are pristine(未经破坏的).But instead of the energy being concentrated in one place,the holes provide many weak spots that all absorb energy as they break,says Vincent. "You are controlling the places_________(10)the wood breaks,and it can then absorb more__________(11),more safely."The researchers believe the principle could be applied to any material一______(12) example,to manufacture lighter and more protective packaging.It could__________(13) be used in car bumpers,crash barriers and armour for military vehicles,says Ulrike Wegst,_________(14)the Max Plank Institute for Mental Research in Stuttgart.But she emphasizes that you________(15)to design the substance with the direction of force inmind."The direction of loading is crucial,"she says. _________(1)
A.in B.since C.for D.at正确答案C
