Thereissubstantialevidencethatby1926,withthepublicationofTheWearyBlues,LangstonHugheshadbrokenwithtwowell-establishedtraditionsinAfricanAmericanliterature.InTheWearyBlues,HugheschosetomodifythetraditionsthatdecreedthatAfricanAmericanliteraturemustpromoteracialacceptanceandintegration,andthat,inordertodoso,itmustreflectanunderstandingandmasteryofWesternEuropeanliterarytechniquesandstyles.Necessarilyexcludedbythisdecree,linguisticallyandthematically,wasthevastamountofsecularfolkmaterialintheoraltraditionthathadbeencreatedbyBlackpeopleintheyearsofslaveryandafter.Itmightbepointedoutthateventhespiritualsor“sorrowsongs”oftheslaves—asdistinctfromtheirsecularsongsandstories—hadbeenEuropeanizedtomakethemacceptablewithintheseAfricanAmericantraditionsaftertheCivilWar.In1862northernWhitewritershadcommentedfavorablyontheuniqueandprovocativemelodiesofthese“sorrowsongs”whentheyfirstheardthemsungbyslavesintheCarolinaseaislands.Butby1916,tenyearsbeforethepublicationofTheWearyBlues,HurryT.Burleigh,theBlackbaritonesoloistatNewYork’sultrafashionableSaintGeorge’sEpiscopalChurch,hadpublishedJubileeSongsoftheUnitedStates,witheveryspiritualarrangedsothataconcertsingercouldsingit“inthemannerofanartsong.”Clearly,theartisticworkofBlackpeoplecouldbeusedtopromoteracialacceptanceandintegrationonlyontheconditionthatitbecameEuropeanized. EvenmorethanhisrebellionagainstthisrestrictivetraditioninAfricanAmericanart,Hughes’sexpressionofthevibrantfolkcultureofBlackpeopleestablishedhiswritingasalandmarkinthehistoryofAfricanAmericanliterature.Mostofhisfolkpoemshavethedistinctivemarksofthisfolkculture’soraltradition:theycontainmanyinstancesofnamingandenumeration,considerablehyperboleandunderstatement,andastronginfusionofstreet-talkrhyming.Thereisadeceptiveveilofartlessnessinthesepoems.Hughespridedhimselfonbeinganimpromptuandimpressionisticwriterofpoetry.His,heinsisted,wasnotanartfullyconstructedpoetry.Yetananalysisofhisdramaticmonologuesandotherpoemsrevealsthathispoetrywascarefullyandartfullycrafted.Inhisfolkpoetrywefindfeaturescommontoallfolkliterature,suchasdramaticellipsis,narrativecompression,rhythmicrepetition,andmonosyllabicemphasis.Thepeculiarmixtureofironyandhumorwefindinhiswritingisadistinguishingfeatureofhisfolkpoetry.Together,theseaspects,ofHughes’swritinghelpedtomodifythepreviousrestrictionsonthetechniquesandsubjectmatterofBlackwritersandconsequentlytobroadenthelinguisticandthematicrangeofAfricanAmericanliterature. TheauthormentionswhichoneofthefollowingasanexampleoftheinfluenceofBlackfolkcultureonHughes’spoetry?
A.his exploitation of ambiguous and deceptive meanings B.his strong religious beliefs C.his use of naming and enumeration D.his use of first-person narrative正确答案C
