Passage2 ForcenturiesinSpainandLatinAmerica,headinghomeforlunchandasnoozewiththefamilywassomethinglikeanationalright,butwithglobalcapitalismstandardizingworkhours,thisidyllichabitisfastbecominganendangeredpleasure.Ironically,allthisishappeningjustasresearchersarebeginningtonotethehealthbenefitsoftheafternoonnap. Accordingtoanationwidesurvey,lessthan25percentofSpaniardsstillenjoysiestas.AndlikeSpain,muchofLatinAmericahasadoptedAmericanizedworkschedules,too,withshortenedlunchtimesandmorerigidworkhours.LastyeartheMexicangovernmentpassedalawlimitinglunchbreakstoonehourandrequiringitsemployeestoworktheireight-hourshiftbetween7a.m.and6p.m. Beforethemandate,workerswouldbreakuptheshift--goinghomemiddayforalongbreakwiththefamilyandreturningtoworkuntilabout9or10p.m.TheideaofsiestaischanginginGreece,ItalyandPortugal,too,astheyrushtojointheirmore"industrious"counterpartsintheglobalmarket. MostAmericansIknowcovetsleep,buttheideaoftakinganapmid-afternoonequateswithlaziness,unemploymentandgeneralsneakiness.YetaccordingtoaNationalSleepSurveypoll,65percentofadultsdonotgetenoughsleep.Numerousscientificstudiesdocumentthebenefitsofnaptaking,includingone1997studyonthedeleteriouseffectsofsleepdeprivationinthejournalInter-nalMedicine.Theresearchersfoundthatfatigueharmsnotonlymaritalandsocialrelationsbutworkerproductivity. AccordingtoMarkRosekind,aformerNASAscientistandfounderofSolutionsinCupertino,Calif.,whicheducatesbusinessesabouttheadvantagesofsanctioningnaps,we′rebiologicallypro-grammedtogetsleepybetween3and5p.m.and3and5a.m.Ourinternaltimekeeper--calledthecircadianclock--operatesona24-hourrotationandevery12hoursthere′sadip.Inaccordancewiththesenaturalsleeprhythms,Rosekindrecommendsthatnapsbeeitherfor40minutesorfortwohours.LatinAmericancountries,assertsRosekind,havehaditrightallalong.They′vebeeninsyncwiththeirclocks;wehaven′t. Sincemostoftheworldissleep-deprived,gettingwellundertherecommendedeighthoursanight(adultsgetanaverageof6.5hoursnightly),weusuallyoperateonakindofidlemidday.Napsareevenmoreusefulnowthatmostofusforfeitsleepbecauseofinsaneworkschedules,longercommutetimesandstress,InastudypublishedlastApril,Brazilianmedicalresearchersnotedthatbloodpressureandarterialbloodpressuredroppedduringasiesta. InthesecondsentenceofParagraph1,"allthis"refersto__________.
A.the habit of napping B.the standardizing of work hours C.the decline of the siesta tradition D.the growth of global capitalism正确答案C
