WhatcanbedoneaboutmassunemploymentAllthewiseheadsagree:there’renoquickoranyanswers.There’sworktobedone,butworkersaren’treadytodoit.They’reinthewrongplaces,ortheyhavethewrongskills.Ourproblemare “structural,”andwilltakemanyyearstosolve. Butdon’tbotheraskingforevidencethatjustifiesthisbleakview.Thereisn’tany.Onthecontrary,allthefactssuggest thathighunemploymentinAmericaistheresultofinadequatedemand.Sayingthatthere’renoeasyanswerssoundswise, butit’sactuallyfoolish:ourunemploymentcrisiscouldbecuredveryquicklyifwehadtheintellectualclarityandpoliticalwill toact.Inotherwords,structuralunemploymentisafakeproblem,whichmainlyservesasanexcusefornotpursuingreal solutions.Thefactisjobopeningshaveplungedineverymajorsector,whilethenumberofworkersforcedintopart-time employmentinalmostallindustrieshassoared.Unemploymenthassurgedineverymajoroccupationalcategory.Onlythree states,withacombinedpopulationnotmuchlargerthanthatofBrooklyn,haveunemploymentratesbelow5%.Sothe evidencecontradictstheclaimthatwe’remainlysufferingfromstructuralunemployment.Why,then,hasthisclaimbecomesopopular Partoftheansweristhatthisiswhatalwayshappensduringperiodsofhighunemployment-inpartbecauseexpertsandanalystsbelievethatdeclaringtheproblemtheproblemdeeplyrooted,withnoeasyanswers,makesthemsoundserious.I’vebeenlookingatwhatself-proclaimedexpertsweresayingaboutunemploymentduringtheGreatDepression;itwasalmost identicaltowhatVerySeriousPeoplearesayingnow.Unemploymentcannotbebroughtdownrapidly,declaredone1935 analysis,becausetheworkforceis“unadaptableanduntrained”.Icannotrespondtotheopportunitieswhichindustrymay offer.Afewyearslater,alargedefensebuildupfinallyprovidedafiscalstimulusadequatetotheeconomy’sneedsan D.suddenlyindustrywaseagertoemploythose“unadaptableanduntrained”workers.Butnow,asthen,powerfulforcesare ideologicallyopposedtothewholeideaofgovernmentactiononasufficientscaletojump-starttheeconomy.Andthat, fundamentally,iswhyclaimsthatwefacehugestructuralproblemshavebeenmultiplying:theyofferareasontodonothing aboutthemassunemploymentthatiscripplingoureconomyandoursociety. Sowhatyouneedtoknowisthatthere'snoevidencewhatsoevertobacktheseclaims.Wearen'tsufferingfroma shortageofneededskills;we’resufferingfromalackofpolicyresolve.AsIsaid,structuralunemploymentisn’trealproblem, it'sanexcuse-areasonnottoactonAmerica’sproblemsatatimewhenactionisdesperatelyneeded. WhatdoestheauthorthinkistherootcauseofmassunemploymentinAmerica《》()
A.Corporate mismanagement. B.Insufficient demand. C.Technological advances. D.Workers’slow adaptation.正确答案B
