资料：Actually,anysaleisagiftuntilyougetpaid.Butexportersareespeciallyconcerned,sincetheirbuyersmightbe10,000milesaway！ So,understandingthefourbasicwaystogetpaidforaninternationalorderisimportant.Themethodyouselectwillaffecttheriskyoubear,thesizeofordersyoumightbeabletoget,andthefinancingyoumightrequiretofilltheorder. Thefollowingarethemethodsofpaymentfortheexporter,fromthemosttotheleastsecure: Cash-in-advance.Newexportersfrequentlyrequestthismethod.Theirattitudetypicallyis,"Idon'tknowyouverywellbut,ifyousendmethemoney,I'llsendyouthegoods." ●Advantage:TheexportergetspaidbeforetheshipmentleavestheU.S.Ifcashisreceivedpriortoproduction,theexporterwillnotneedadditionalworkingcapital. ●Drawback:Itlimitstheexporter'ssalespotentialsinceittiesuptheimporter'scash;canbeaverynon-competitivepaymentmethodifothersuppliersareofferingsimilarproductsorservices. Letter-of-credit.Lettersofcredit(L/ C)substitutethecreditworthinessoftheimporterandexporterwiththatoftheirrespectivebanks. ●Advantage:TheexporterwillbepaidifthetermsandconditionsoftheL/Caremet. ●Drawback:TherearefeesassociatedwithopeningandamendingL/Cs;theimporter'scashistied-upsincecashorotherassetsneedtocollateralizetheL/C,whichinturnmightreducetheordersize.Theexporterstillmightneedadditionalworkingcapitaltoproducetheproductorservice,sinceL/Cswillnotpaypriortoshipment/performance. Documentarycollections.Thismethodusesthebankingsystemfortheexportertosendthenecessarydocumentsassociatedwiththeordertotheimporter. ●Advantage:Thedocumentsandgoodsarenotreleaseduntilimporterpaysoragreestopayatsomefuturedate.Ifthebuyerrefusestoacceptthedocumentsandgoods,theexporterretainstitletothegoodsandcansellthemtoathirdpartyorbringthembacktotheU.S. ●Drawback:Noguarantyofpayment,sincethebanksonlyactasintermediaries.Theexporterwillneedtofinancetheproductioncycle,theshipmenttime,plusalongerperiodiftheimporteragreestopayatalaterdate,untilfinalpaymentisreceived Openaccount:Openaccounttermsforinternationalsalesaresimilartodomesticopenaccountsales.Thebuyeragreestopayinasetnumberofdays-typically30,60,or90-fromtheinvoice,shipmentordeliverydate. ●Advantage:Morecompetitivetermswhichcanhelpsecurelargerorders ●Drawback:Thegoodsaregoneandthebuyermightnotpay.ThisriskcanbegreatlyreducedbyobtainingcreditinsurancefromtheExport-ImportBankoftheU.S.ontheforeignaccountsreceivable. Knowingtheadvantagesanddrawbackstoeachmethodofpaymentcanhelptobetterprepareyoufornegotiatingpaymenttermswithyourpotentialoverseascustomers.MoredetailandsupportontheseandothertradefinancingissuescanbeobtainedbycontactingoneofSBA'stradefinancespecialistsin20U.S.ExportAssistanceCentersaroundthecountry. Whatmagazinecolumnmightthearticlebein?
A.Business B.Economy C.Social D.Culture正确答案A
