某企业准备购入一设备以扩充生产能力,需投资36,000元。设备按直线法计提折旧,预计使用寿命5年,期满预计有净残值6,000元。该项目投入使用后,预计每年增加销售收入17,000元,增加付现成本第一年为6,000元,以后随着设备陈旧,逐年将增加修理费300元,另需垫支营运资金3,000元。假定企业所得税率为40%,资金成本为10%。要求: (1)计算各年的净现金流量; (2)计算净现值; (3)根据计算结果,判断该项目投资是否可行。 附:一元复利现值系数表 123456789106%0.9430.8900.8400.7920.7470.7050.6650.6270.5920.5588%0.9260.8570.7940.7350.68l0.6300.5830.5400.5000.46310%0.9090.8260.75l0.6830.62l0.5640.5130.4670.4240.38614%0.8770.7690.6750.5920.5190.4560.4000.3510.3080.270一元年金现值系数表 123456789106%0.9431.8332.6733.4654.2124.9175.5826.2106.8027.3608%0.9261.7832.5773.3123.9934.4625.2065.7476.2476.7l010%0.9091.7362.4853.1703.7914.3554.8685.3555.7596.14514%0.8771.6472.3222.9143.4333.8894.2884.6394.9465.216
(1)各年的净现金流量情况如下:第0点净现金流量= -36000+(-3000)=-39000元第1点净现金流量= 17000-6000-[17000-6000-(36000-6000)÷5]×40%= 9000元第2净现金流量= 17000-6300-[17000-6300-(36000-6000)÷5]×40%= 8820元第3净现金流量= 17000-6600-[17000-6600-(36000-6000)÷5]×40%= 8640元第4净现金流量= 17000-6900-[17000-6900-(36000-6000)÷5]×40%= 8460元第5净现金流量= 17000-7200-[17000-7200-(36000-6000)÷5]×40%+6000+3000= 17280元(2)净现值= -39000+9000×PVIF 10%,1+ 8820×PVIF10%,2+ 8640×PVIF10%,3+ 8460×PVIF 10%,4+ 17280×PVIF10%,5 = -39000+9000×0.909+ 8820×0.826+ 8640×0.751+ 8460×0.683+ 17280×0.621 = -535.98元(3)上述计算结果表明该项目净现值小于0,说明该项目净收益为负,不可行。