已知向量a={1,1,-4},b={2,-2,1},求:
(1)a•b;(2)∣a∣,∣b∣;
(3)a与b的夹角θ.
(1)a•b={1,1,-4}•{2,-2,1}=1•2+1•(-2)+ (-4)•1=-4 (2)∣a∣=√[12+12+(-4)2]=√(1+1+16)=√18=3√2 ∣b∣ =√[22+(-2)2+12]=√(4+4+1)=√9=3 (3)cosθ=a•b/(∣a∣•∣b∣)=-4/(3√2•3)=-4/(3√2•3)=-4/(9√2)=-(2√2/9) ∴θ=arccosθ[-(2√2/9)]